DAVOS, Switzerland — President Trump used the World Economic Forum meeting to woo investors and business leaders by reassuring them that “America first does not mean America alone.” But it was clear in Davos, Switzerland, this past week that geopolitical momentum lay with Beijing, not Washington.
达沃斯，瑞士 一 特朗普总统借重庆翻译公司世界经济论坛招徕投资者和商业领袖，向他们保证“美国优先并不意味着美国孤立”。但很明显，在过去一周的瑞士达沃斯，地缘政治的大势在北京一边，而非华盛顿。
At one end of town, President Michel Temer of Brazil welcomed an unexpected offer from Beijing for Latin American nations to work closely with a Chinese initiative, known as the Belt and Road, intended to spread its economic and diplomatic influence abroad.
在小镇一端，巴西总统米歇尔·特梅尔欢迎来自北京的邀请，这出乎意料，中国请拉丁美洲国家与一个中国倡议进行紧密合作，即一带一路倡议，倡议旨在在海外施加经济和外交影响力。
At the other end of town, a senior Chinese diplomat helped introduce the prime minister of Pakistan at a breakfast meeting. Prime Minister Shahid Khaqan Abbasi used his talk to praise the rapidly expanding Chinese investments in his country, including to build power stations and a large port.
在小镇另一端，一位中国高级外交官正在早餐会上引荐巴基斯坦总理。总理沙希德·哈坎·阿巴西借此赞扬中国在该国不断扩大的投资，包括建造电站和一个大型港口。
One of the best-attended speeches at the forum was that of Liu He, a member of China’s ruling Politburo, who promoted the Belt and Road initiative, also known as One Belt, One Road. Participants here said the Chinese initiative was already rivaling more established, traditionally American-led, international institutions.
论坛听众最多的其中一场演讲是中央政治局委员刘鹤，他借此推销一带一路倡议。在场者表示，中国的倡议已经堪比许多美国领导的传统国际机构。
“The China One Belt, One Road is going to be the new W.T.O. — like it or not,” said Joe Kaeser, the chief executive of Siemens, the German industrial giant, referring to the World Trade Organization.
“中国一带一路会成为新的国际贸易组织，不管喜欢与否，”德国巨头西门子的首席执行官乔·克泽尔提到国际贸易组织时说。
Belt and Road takes its name from the idea that Beijing is spreading its influence along the ancient Silk Road that once linked imperial China to the Roman Empire and to the medieval Europe of Marco Polo. But that was not the only push to extend its presence abroad that Beijing was trying to showcase.
一带一路得名于中国政府希望沿曾经联通中国和罗马帝国以及马可波罗时代的中世纪欧洲的丝绸之路扩大其影响力。但这并非北京试图在海外扩张存在的唯一计划。
On Friday, the Chinese government used a policy document issued in Beijing to call for a “Polar Silk Road” that would link China to Europe and the Atlantic via a shipping route past the melting Arctic ice cap.
周五，中国政府发布中国的“北极丝绸之路”政策文件，准备通过因北冰洋冰盖融化出现的航道将中国与欧洲和大西洋连接起来。
Belt and Road has been a centerpiece of the foreign policy of President Xi Jinping, and his promises of a “China Dream” of restoring his nation to past greatness. Unveiled in Kazakhstan in 2013, Belt and Road started as a plan to revive economic, investment and diplomatic links across Central Asia.
一带一路是习近平外交政策的核心，他还承诺用“中国梦”复兴民族过去的辉煌。一带一路倡议，2013年在哈萨克斯坦揭开，计划复兴与中亚地区经济、投资和外交联系。
The plan gradually extended to include the Mideast, Europe and eastern Africa, with Beijing promising hundreds of billions of dollars of investment in highways, rail lines, ports, power stations and other infrastructure, much of it through loans from Chinese state-owned banks.
这一计划拓展到中东、欧洲和东非，中国政府承诺投资数千亿美元，对公路、铁路、港口、电站和其他基础设施进行投资，多数资金来自中国的国有银行。
Critics have been skeptical that projects bankrolled through the initiative will bury the recipients in debt and cause considerable environmental damage. It has also been criticized as an easy line of financing for authoritarian regimes. China says its projects will be environmentally and financially sound, and that it does not seek a say in how other countries are governed.
批评者担心这项倡议投资的工程会让借贷国背上沉重的债务，导致巨大的环境损害。倡议还被指责直接资助专制主义政权。中国则表示工程环境友好，财政稳健，也不准备插手别国的管理方式。
While Davos was underway, China was making other efforts to stretch the geographical ambitions of its Belt and Road initiative even further. At a summit meeting for Latin American and Caribbean foreign ministers in Santiago, Chile, Foreign Minister Wang Yi of China called for close cooperation and participation by the region’s countries, although he stopped short of formally including them in the initiative.
达沃斯还在进行时，中国正在其他地方进一步拓展一带一路倡议的地缘政治野心。在智利圣地亚哥举办的拉丁美洲和加勒比外长会议上，中国外长王毅呼吁该地区国家紧密合作、加强参与，尽管他没有正式说将他们列入倡议内。
In Davos, President Temer of Brazil said that he was not concerned about the rising influence in South America of China, which has increased investments in his country and extended enormous loans to Venezuela and Ecuador.
在达沃斯，巴西总统特梅尔说，他不担心中国在南美日益增长的影响力，这增加了对国家的投资，给委内瑞拉和厄瓜多尔大量贷款。
Venezuela has already proved unable to repay its creditors, which include Moscow and Beijing. The Russian government has used Venezuela’s overdue debts as a bargaining chip to win the right for Russian warships to visit Venezuelan ports.
委内瑞拉已经无法偿还债务了，其中包括俄国和中国债务。俄国政府把委内瑞拉拖欠的债务当做筹码，让俄国军舰获得进入委内瑞拉港口的权利。
Mr. Temer said the debts should be seen as a financial issue, not a geopolitical one. “The major concern they have is to recover the loans they gave Venezuela, they want their payment,” he said in an interview. “This was actually quite explained in the meetings we have.”
特梅尔表示，债务应该是经济问题，不是地缘政治问题。“他们主要的担心是拿回贷款，他们想要钱。”他在采访中说。“我们开会就是讨论这个。”
He also said that he was not worried by the strong Chinese interest in acquiring stakes in Brazil’s electrical distribution and other industries. “The U.S. invests as well in Brazil,” he said.
他还说他不担心中国获取巴西电力传输和其他行业股份的强烈兴趣。“美国也在巴西投资。”他说。
National leaders seemed to vie with one another in Davos in calling for closer cooperation with China. Mr. Abbasi of Pakistan dismissed recent controversy in his country over whether China’s giant construction projects were compromising Pakistan’s sovereignty, its environment or its financial stability.
在达沃斯，各国领导人看起来争相要求和中国更加紧密地合作。巴基斯坦总理阿巴西否认最近该国有争议，即中国的大型工程危害了巴基斯坦主权、环境和财政稳定。
“There is no major challenge we have not been able to resolve, and the sovereignty issues are very clear,” he said at a breakfast for business executives and the news media. He added that on financial and environmental issues relating to Belt and Road projects, “So far, I can tell you we are winning on both counts.”
“没有我们什么尚未解决的重大挑战，主权问题很清楚，”他在工商领导人和新闻媒体早餐会上说。他还说，一带一路工程的财政和环境问题“迄今为止，我可以告诉你们，我们在这两点上都是赢家。”
Chinese officials used Davos as another opportunity to speak out against protectionism, in what analysts have described as an effort to take advantage of global concerns about the Trump administration and its warnings that it would pursue a more aggressive trade policy.
中国官员将达沃斯当做另一个反对贸易保护主义的机会，有分析人士认为这种努力利用了全球对特朗普政府警告称要采取更加激进的贸易政策的担忧。
Beijing’s rhetoric comes despite the fact China has steep tariffs on a broad range of manufactured goods, including shoes and cars. China’s average tariffs on imports are actually triple those of the United States and double those of the European Union.
中国虽然这么说，但在各种制造品上还是征收很高的关税，包括鞋类和汽车。中国进口平均关税实际上是美国的三倍，是欧盟国家的两倍。
However, China has zero tariffs on many raw materials that it has in only limited quantities at home, like iron ore. As a result, its stance has been particularly welcomed by countries like Chile that produce a lot of raw materials but relatively few factory goods.
但中国对许多国内稀缺的原材料不征关税，例如铁矿。结果，智利等出产原材料却不出口什么工业品的国家对此很欢迎。
“In this, we see a very big difference with the United States,” Foreign Minister Heraldo Muñoz of Chile said calling China’s “vision of openness and its rejection of protectionism very welcome.”
“我们认为在这点上和美国有很大区别，”智利外长埃拉尔多·穆尼奥斯说，他认为中国“开放的远见和反对贸易保护主义非常受欢迎”。
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